What is the expansion rate of the universe? Universe facts you should know in 2021
Today I will share with you some unexpected facts about the universe. With the advancement of human science and technology in recent years, we have learned a lot more than 100 years ago.
1. Expanding speed of Universe
It is speculated that our universe is expanding at a speed of 72 kilometers per second.
2. How the universe will end
Although we think we know how the universe was formed, we are still not sure how the universe will end. One theory is that as the universe expands, the entropy of matter increases, and eventually it perishes by freezing.
3. The Earth and Other Planets
In addition to the earth, there are other planets and other celestial bodies in the solar system, such as asteroids and meteorites. Outside of our solar system, there are billions or even more than one trillion other galaxies. Without the use of telescopes, humans can only see about 9-10 galaxies with the naked eye.
4. Composition of the Universe
The composition of the universe: It is composed of 68% dark energy, 27% dark matter and 5% conventional matter. This means that the human observable universe only accounts for 5% of the entire universe.
5. Other Planets Found in the Universe
There are more than 3,500 other planets found in the universe, none of them resemble ours. Except for the earth, there are still no signs of life found in the universe.
6. The Sun and Stars in the Universe
The sun occupies more than 99% of the mass of the solar system. In fact, the sun is compared to other stars like ants to elephants. A star named Betelguese outside the system is more than 700 times the size of the sun and approximately 14,000 times the size of the sun.
7. What is beyond the universe?
In short; we really don't know. There are many different theories about things outside the universe. If it is the edge of the universe, it means that there is nothing. In theory, we cannot see our universe over the edge. However, there are theories that there may be more universes like ours. The parallel universe.
8. Why is everything in the universe round?
Not everything in the universe is spherical. The reason why planets and stars are round is due to gravity. The gravity in these objects is pulled in equally from all different angles, so that the objects have a greater mass and therefore a greater gravitational sphere.
How old is the universe? The latest estimate is 13.77 billion years old
What is the age of the universe? This issue has been arguing among scientists. According to a recent report by the physicist organization network, American scientists re-observed the oldest light in the universe. The observation results, plus some calculations on cosmic geometry, gave the latest age of the universe: 13.77 billion Years old, the error does not exceed 40 million years old.
The exact age of the universe has always been controversial. With the help of different observation methods, scientists have given different age values: 13.8 billion years old, 11.4 billion years old... but none of them has been widely recognized.
From 2009 to 2013, the European Space Agency’s Planck satellite team observed and analyzed the cosmic microwave background radiation, the “afterglow” left by the Big Bang, and that time they found the age of the universe was 13.82 billion years old. In 2015, the updated data of the Planck satellite indicated that the age of the universe was 137.87±0.02 billion years.
In 2019, a team led by Inf Jie of the Max Planck Institute in Germany used the motion of stars to measure the expansion rate of the universe (the expansion rate of the universe), and to estimate the age of the universe. They gave the universe age value 11.4 billion years old. This difference suggests that scientists may need a new model of the universe. In addition, some scientists worry that one set of measurement results may be incorrect.
To solve the above problems, an international team of astronomers led by Cornell University used data from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) managed by the National Science Foundation and cosmic geometry to reassess the age of the universe. . Their results show that the age of the universe is 137.77±0.4 billion years, which is consistent with the value provided by the standard universe model and the measurement results of the same light by the European Space Agency’s Planck satellite. dispute.
Astronomers wrote the latest findings in two papers and published them in the "Journal of Cosmology and Astrophysics". Simone Avola, the first author of the two papers, said: "Now we have found an answer that both Planck and ACT agree, which highlights the fact that these measurements are reliable."
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